Which poet is known for their exploration of African American culture and identity?

Langston Hughes is renowned for his profound exploration of African American culture and identity, particularly through the lens of the Harlem Renaissance. His poetry often reflects the struggles, hopes, and experiences of African Americans in the early 20th century, incorporating elements of jazz and blues to represent the rhythms and emotions of their lives.

Hughes' work frequently addresses themes of racial pride, social justice, and the quest for identity, making him a quintessential voice for African American culture. His famous poem "The Negro Speaks of Rivers" not only celebrates African heritage but also speaks to the enduring strength and resilience of the African American community.

In contrast, the other poets listed are not primarily focused on African American themes. T. S. Eliot, Walt Whitman, and Ezra Pound each explored a variety of subjects, but their works do not center around the specific cultural and identity issues central to Hughes' poetry. Thus, Langston Hughes stands out as the key figure in the exploration of African American culture and identity through his impactful writing.