What literary movement is associated with the poem "Howl"?

The poem "Howl," written by Allen Ginsberg, is intrinsically linked to the Beat Generation, a literary and cultural movement that emerged in the 1950s. This movement is characterized by its rejection of mainstream American values and its exploration of the inner workings of the human mind, spirituality, and a quest for deeper truths.

Ginsberg's "Howl" reflects the themes of the Beat Generation through its raw and vivid language, its criticism of societal norms, and its exploration of taboo subjects such as mental illness, sexuality, and drug use. The poem serves as a powerful manifesto of the Beat ethos, advocating for personal freedom and authenticity, while also challenging the moral and political status quo.

The other movements mentioned, such as Romanticism, Modernism, and Surrealism, do not encapsulate the specific cultural and social ethos that defines the Beat Generation, making it clear why the correct association is with this particular literary movement.