In which period did James Joyce primarily write his notable works, including "Chamber Music"?

James Joyce primarily wrote during the Modernist Period, which roughly spans the late 19th to the mid-20th century. This period is characterized by a break from traditional forms and conventions in literature, reflecting the complexities of modern life through innovative narrative techniques, stream of consciousness, and an exploration of subjectivity. Joyce's "Chamber Music," a collection of lyrical poems published in 1907, exemplifies many of these Modernist traits, even as it leans more towards lyrical expression than the prose works for which he is best known, like "Ulysses" and "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man."

The other periods listed do not accurately reflect the context in which Joyce was writing. The Victorian Era is known for its focus on morality and social issues, while the Romantic Era celebrated emotion and individualism; both of these predates the Modernist movement. The Postmodern Era, which followed the Modernist Period, includes works that often question authority and challenge traditional narratives, but Joyce's most significant contributions were made during the earlier Modernist framework.